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Since June 2014 the number of people going into custodial remand has increased as has the average time on remand. As a result, the remand population has increased significantly over the same period.
Less than 20% of people offend on bail, mostly for breaching community orders.The number of people on bail has been stable in recent years, following large decreases since 2009. However, since 2014 the number of offences committed on bail has risen, leading to an increase in the percentage of people on bail who offend.
The number of people charged in court for drug offences has fallen by 35% since 2010, mostly driven by a 58% decrease in people charged for cannabis. However, over the same period people charged for methamphetamine has increased by 34%, and now exceeds the number of people charged for cannabis.
Crime has decreased over the past 10 years. While there is no one definitive source for measuring crime, a number of sources show that crime has decreased since 2008 and has been stable since 2015.
The proportion of time served in prison before release is increasing. Since the Parole Act 2002 came into force, the average proportion of prison sentences served before release on parole has increased from 55% to 78%. This has been one of the key drivers of the increase in the number of people in prison.
Convictions for offences covered by the three strikes legislation have risen. Since the introduction of the Three Strikes legislation in 2010, the number of convictions for the offences involved has risen 5%, while the number of charges has fallen 9%.
The criminal justice system is made up of the proceeding, prosecution, court and sentencing stages. People ‘flow’ through the criminal justice system, taking different paths at each stage. Māori are disproportionately represented at all stages, and this rate of disproportion increases the further through the criminal justice system they go. This factsheet is supported by a visual representation of the system.