BORA Courts (Remote Participation) Bill [pdf, 286 KB]
...The use of AVL for the appearance of an accused person at trial appears to be uncommon in comparable jurisdictions, at least without the accused person’s consent, and does not appear to have been considered in New Zealand. The European Court of Human Rights has, however, indicated that whether such appearance is consistent with fair trial protections will depend upon the particular circumstances, including the stage of proceedings, possible disadvantage to either party and measures take...