Regulatory Impact Statement: Including 17 year-olds, and convictable traffic offences not punishable by imprisonment, in the youth justice system [pdf, 1.4 MB]
...43. That formal processing might instead increase reoffending is consistent with social learning theory, which is a theory of crime with strong empirical support.15 44. Social learning theory emphasises how criminal behaviour can steadily increase through positive reinforcement by anti-social peers, which can be more likely to occur if young people are taken through a formal court process that reinforces an anti-social identity and leads young offenders to associate with each other.1...