UI v T Ltd [2025] NZDT 11 (27 January 2025) [pdf, 138 KB]
...bar. 11. The Court explained that the "proportionality test" may be "cross-checked" against the "punitive purpose test" – i.e. whether the predominant purpose of the secondary obligation is to punish rather than to protect legitimate performance interests. However, the Court described the tests as "two sides of the same coin". 12. UI submits that the fine of $65.00 is disproportionate to the actual parking fees that would have applied, which...